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▶ 科学60秒：幼小又没有助的它，逃命全靠“搭便车” | 2:49
[听力原文]
Little Aphids Ride Big Ones to Safety
Imagine you’re anaphid, a tiny insect that sucks plantsapfor a living. You’remunchingawaywhen a cow comes along to munch on the same plant you’re on. You feel its warm breath. So you drop to the ground to avoid being eaten and run away.
The ground is a scary place for an aphid, but it’s better than a cow’s mouth. But if you’re an especially small, young aphid, also known as anymph,scamperingover cracks, stones and twigs is really difficult.
Luckily, young aphids have a solution. They climb aboard the back of a larger aphid that’s also making an escape and hitch a ride, cowboy style.
“Sometimes there’s a pile of nymphs at the beginning that climb on the adult, sometimes even eight or nine nymphs that all climb on the adult.” University of HaifaentomologistMoshe Gish.
Thanks to a series of experiments, Gish learned that the nymphs actively seek out adults after dropping to the ground. It’s not that they just try to climb onto any old thing they find nearby.
For the adults, the nymphs are a bit of anuisance…[readmore]
逃命全靠“搭便车”
假如你是一只小蚜虫，靠吸吮植物汁液为生，当你正在大快朵颐时，一头奶牛突然靠近，要吃掉你所在的这棵植物；奶牛温暖的气息掠过，为了不被吃掉，你纵身跳到地上，逃之夭夭。
对蚜虫而言，地面尽管危险四伏，但也比奶牛嘴里要好得多。然而，如果你弱小没有助、格外年幼（不完全变态昆虫的幼虫也称作若虫），就很难在裂缝、石头和树枝间蹦来蹦去。
幸运的是，小蚜虫们自有妙计：它们会爬到一只也在逃命的大蚜虫背上，“搭便车”逃跑，像牛仔一样，酷酷的。
“有时最开始爬上成虫背上的不止一只若虫，有时甚至有八九只。”海法大学（University of Haifa）的昆虫学家摩西·吉什（Moshe Gish）说。
通过一系列实验，吉什了解到若虫在跳到地面后会积极寻找成虫，它们可不是在附近随便找到个老家伙就爬上去。
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